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Evidence Library

A curated, source-verified library of the strongest available research on harm reduction, treatment outcomes, overdose prevention, and the comparative effectiveness of voluntary versus coercive addictions care. Every entry links to a peer-reviewed journal, government report, university source, or major public-health agency.

Government Reports

Federal, provincial, and municipal public-health reports, coroner data, and official audits.

Evidence
Region

Showing 24 of 24 entries

  • Government ReportCanada2025

    Opioid- and stimulant-related harms in Canada (national surveillance)

    Public Health Agency of Canada

    Quarterly federal surveillance dashboard of apparent opioid- and stimulant-toxicity deaths, hospitalizations, and EMS responses, broken out by province.

    Over 50,000 apparent opioid toxicity deaths in Canada since 2016.

  • Government ReportSaskatchewan

    Drug toxicity deaths in Saskatchewan

    Saskatchewan Coroners Service

    Provincial coroner statistics on confirmed and suspected drug-toxicity deaths in Saskatchewan, updated monthly.

  • Government ReportSaskatchewan

    Mental Health and Addictions service inventory

    Saskatchewan Health Authority

    SHA's published inventory of voluntary mental health and addictions services across the province, including detox, residential, and OAT access points.

  • Government ReportCanada2023

    Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy

    Health Canada

    Federal strategy explicitly grounded in the four pillars: prevention, harm reduction, treatment, and enforcement.

  • Economic AnalysisCanada2023

    Canadian Substance Use Costs and Harms

    Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction (CCSA)

    CCSA / CISUR national costing study, updated periodically. Quantifies the healthcare, criminal-justice, lost-productivity, and other costs of substance use by province.

    Substance use cost Canada an estimated $49.1 billion in 2020 (~$1,291/person).

  • Government ReportCanada

    Illicit drug toxicity deaths in BC

    BC Coroners Service

    Monthly BC coroner reports — the most detailed sub-national overdose dataset in Canada and a critical comparator for prairie provinces.

  • Government ReportCanada

    Alberta Substance Use Surveillance System

    Government of Alberta

    Public dashboard tracking opioid-related deaths, EMS responses, ED visits, and OAT dispensations across Alberta — useful prairie comparator data.

  • Government ReportCanada

    Manitoba Substance Use and Addictions surveillance

    Government of Manitoba

    Provincial reporting on substance-related harms and the public-health response in Manitoba — prairie comparator.

  • Government ReportCanada

    Opioid-related harms in Canada (CIHI)

    Canadian Institute for Health Information

    CIHI's standardized national data on opioid poisoning hospitalizations and emergency department visits, including provincial breakdowns.

  • Government ReportCanada

    Substance use, Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (CTADS)

    Statistics Canada

    National household survey data on alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and illicit-drug use — including by province.

  • Government ReportSaskatchewan

    City of Saskatoon — Community Safety and Well-being

    City of Saskatoon

    Municipal plans and reporting on community safety, including the response to addictions, homelessness, and harm reduction in Saskatoon.

  • Government ReportSaskatchewan

    City of Regina — Community Safety & Well-being Plan

    City of Regina

    Regina's municipal plan addressing substance use, mental health, and crisis response.

  • Government ReportCanada2024

    B.C.’s Toxic Drug Crisis: Implementation of Harm Reduction Programs

    Office of the Auditor General of British Columbia

    Independent provincial audit of the BC government's overdose prevention and prescribed safer-supply implementation, identifying accountability and access gaps.

  • Policy BriefCanada2018

    Best practices across the continuum of care for the treatment of opioid use disorder

    Health Canada / CRISM

    Federally-endorsed clinical practice guideline for OUD treatment, naming buprenorphine and methadone as first-line therapies.

  • Government ReportSaskatchewan2026

    Confirmed & suspected drug toxicity deaths (Saskatchewan)

    Saskatchewan Coroners Service · Chief Coroner

    Official epidemiological dataset of confirmed and suspected fatal drug poisonings across Saskatchewan, Jan 2021 – Apr 2026.

    331 suspected/confirmed deaths in 2025 (down from a peak of 455 in 2023); supply driven by parafluorofentanyl, methylfentanyl, benzodiazepines and xylazine.

  • Government ReportSaskatchewan2025

    Saskatchewan Health Authority — Delivering Opioid Addiction Treatment Services (Provincial Auditor, Vol. 1, Ch. 6)

    Office of the Provincial Auditor of Saskatchewan · Provincial Auditor

    Operational audit of SHA's Opioid Agonist Treatment (OAT) and Rapid Access Addiction Medicine (RAAM) clinics — funding mechanisms and delivery efficacy.

    Of $306M SHA mental-health/addictions budget (2024–25), only $4.6M was allocated specifically to OAT/RAAM infrastructure. Indigenous people made up 55% of confirmed opioid-toxicity deaths in 2024.

  • Government ReportSaskatchewan2026

    Notice: Compassionate Intervention Act applications

    Provincial Court of Saskatchewan

    Official judicial notice clarifying that the Provincial Court is not currently accepting applications or processing warrants under the Compassionate Intervention Act.

    Pilot involuntary-treatment program expected to commence Fall 2026, centralized at Saskatchewan Hospital, North Battleford.

  • Policy BriefSaskatchewan2026

    The Compassionate Intervention Act — Questions & Answers

    Government of Saskatchewan

    Public-facing policy document explaining legal mechanisms, assessment protocols, and safeguards in the province's involuntary addiction-treatment model.

  • Policy BriefCanada Consensus2025

    Involuntary Treatment Evidence Brief

    Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction (CCSA)

    National evidence brief on the clinical, ethical, and systemic complexities of involuntary treatment for severe substance use disorders in Canada.

    Synthesis finds InvTx does not produce long-term reductions in substance use or reoffending and is linked to increased post-discharge overdose risk and re-traumatization.

  • Government ReportCanada2023

    A Review of Prescribed Safer Supply Programs Across British Columbia: Recommendations for Future Action

    Office of the Provincial Health Officer, British Columbia

    Public-health review of clinical rationale, population-level benefits, and diversion risks of Prescribed Safer Supply (PSS) in BC.

    No corresponding increase in OUD diagnoses among youth or any other cohort since the 2020 Risk Mitigation Guidelines; some diversion acknowledged.

  • Government ReportInternational Consensus2023

    Drug Consumption Rooms in Europe

    EMCDDA & Correlation European Harm Reduction Network

    Programmatic evaluation of more than 100 Drug Consumption Rooms across European jurisdictions — operational mechanics, clinical outcomes, and public-order impacts.

    DCRs eliminate on-site fatal overdoses, sharply reduce HIV/HCV transmission and public nuisance, with no measurable increase in local crime.

  • Government ReportCanada2024

    Evaluation of harm-reduction approaches to address the opioid crisis: safer supply (CIHR)

    Canadian Institutes of Health Research / Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation · Werb D

    CIHR-funded evaluation of 25 federally funded integrated safer-supply pilot programs across Canada.

    Safer-supply pilots reduced opioid toxicity events, reliance on street drugs, and hospitalizations; key gap is lack of formulations potent enough to match street-fentanyl tolerance.

  • Policy BriefInternational2020

    Oregon Measure 110, Drug Decriminalization and Addiction Treatment Initiative (2020)

    Ballotpedia

    Statutory breakdown of Measure 110, which reclassified Schedule I–IV drug possession to a Class E violation and redirected cannabis tax revenue to recovery services.

  • Policy BriefInternational Consensus2016

    Drug decriminalisation in Portugal: setting the record straight

    Transform Drug Policy Foundation (UNODC document repository)

    Long-term, multi-decade epidemiological synthesis of Portugal's 2001 decriminalisation, drawing on EMCDDA data.

    Problematic drug use, injecting drug use, and HIV infection rates dropped sharply; use among 15–24-year-olds declined post-reform.

Curated and maintained by Voluntary Treatment First Saskatchewan. Every entry links to a peer-reviewed journal, government report, university, or major public-health agency. Spot a broken link or missing study? Let us know.

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